One reader commented on the paragraph
that ends” To draw the line anywhere on what is tolerable … is to take a step
toward Auschwitz.” Was this an
example of liberal relativism?
I had – rather too hastily – suggested
that there were limits set on tolerance by criminal law. I should have taken the time to
work through the delicate balance between tolerance (or, better, compassion)
and justice. Either is incomplete
without the other.
Over the past three hundred years a
series of philosophers have developed the argument that justice makes universal
demands: there is no escaping the obligations of justice. Yet, as Martha Nussbaum has recently
argued, humans in their everyday lives do not simply obey the universal,
intellectual demands of justice, but must be motivated emotionally to respect
those demands. Compassion provides
that motivation, even though compassion and justice might pull a person in
different directions in some circumstances. (A mother, for instance, hiding a miscreant son from the
police.)
So while there are limits to compassion,
it is usually compassion that motivates people to observe the demands of justice.
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